Which model asserts that the degree to which a learner acculturates to the target language group influences the level of L2 acquisition?

Which model asserts that the degree to which a learner acculturates to the target language group influences the level of L2 acquisition?

• A. Schumann's model of acculturation
• B. Krashen's input hypothesis
• C. Gardner's socio-psychological model
• D. Cummins' threshold hypothesis

Answer: (A)

The key idea is that how much a learner becomes part of the target-language community can shape how well they learn that language. Schumann's model of acculturation holds that language acquisition is driven by social and cultural integration with the L2 group. When a learner more fully acculturates, they gain greater access to authentic language input, more opportunities to interact with native speakers, and more positive attitudes toward the language community. These social-psychological factors reduce affective barriers, boost motivation, and increase meaningful practice, which together lead to higher levels of L2 proficiency. While other models focus on input, motivation, or cognitive thresholds, Schumann specifically ties the degree of acculturation to the extent of language attainment.

The key idea is that how much a learner becomes part of the target-language community can shape how well they learn that language. Schumann's model of acculturation holds that language acquisition is driven by social and cultural integration with the L2 group. When a learner more fully acculturates, they gain greater access to authentic language input, more opportunities to interact with native speakers, and more positive attitudes toward the language community. These social-psychological factors reduce affective barriers, boost motivation, and increase meaningful practice, which together lead to higher levels of L2 proficiency. While other models focus on input, motivation, or cognitive thresholds, Schumann specifically ties the degree of acculturation to the extent of language attainment.